See krew in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "krewki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "krwawy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "przyrodzony krwią"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "mąż krwi"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "krew"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "krew"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "krev",
"word": "кревъ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*kry̑",
"id": "blood",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *krewh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *kréwh₂s\nProto-Balto-Slavic *krū́ˀs\nProto-Slavic *kry̑\nOld Polish krew\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*krū́ˀs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*kry̑\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"krew\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-id=\"blood\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"krew\" id=\"Old_Polish:_blood\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *kry̑.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *krewh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *kréwh₂s\nProto-Balto-Slavic *krū́ˀs\nProto-Slavic *kry̑\nOld Polish krew\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *kry̑. First attested in the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krewny",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "kry",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj": "krewny"
},
"expansion": "krew f (related adjective krewny)",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "krwawny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "krewkość"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "krewność"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "krwawe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "krwawione"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "krwawne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "okrwawienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "ukrwawienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "zekrwawienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "krwawić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "rozkrwawić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "skrwawić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "ukrwawić"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "36 10 3 3 11 19 8 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 10 3 3 11 19 8 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 11 3 3 3 20 9 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 9 3 3 8 23 7 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
30,
34
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 13, 6, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Richle nogi gich ku przeliczu krwe (ad effundendum sanguinem)",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
23
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 36r:",
"text": "Cruor blut poszoką krew'",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
26
]
],
"ref": "1424, Kanon mszy św., Canon missae., volume III, page 58:",
"text": "To gest zayste kelich krwe moyey (calix sanguinis mei)..., yaasz krew za waas y za wele luda bąndze roszlana",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"ref": "1424, Kanon mszy św., Canon missae., volume III, page 66:",
"text": "Przyyąncze czyala y krwe (perceptio corporis) ... ne bøndz my na sąnd any na potøpyene",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blood (vital liquid flowing in the bodies of many types of animals that usually conveys nutrients and oxygen)"
],
"id": "en-krew-zlw-opl-noun-8UKQB5k0",
"links": [
[
"blood",
"blood"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) blood (vital liquid flowing in the bodies of many types of animals that usually conveys nutrients and oxygen)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "posoka"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
49,
54
]
],
"ref": "1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 9, 12, Greater Poland:",
"text": "Powyedaycze myedzy lyudem naukę yego, bo zyskuyę krwye (quoniam requirens sanguinem eorum recordatus est) gych wspomyenąl iest, nye zapomyenąl iest wolanya vbogych",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"death (cessation of life and all associated processes)"
],
"id": "en-krew-zlw-opl-noun-pnMWN084",
"links": [
[
"death",
"death"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, attested in Greater Poland) death (cessation of life and all associated processes)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "śmierć"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
113,
118
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), 22, 2:",
"text": "A pakly wilomy zlodzyey doom, ... a nalyeszon bi byl, a wszøøw ranø vmarlby, ten ktory bi byl, nye bødzye wynyen krwye (percussor non erit reus sanguinis)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"murder"
],
"id": "en-krew-zlw-opl-noun-~DCG9tHg",
"links": [
[
"murder",
"murder"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "morderstwo"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
16
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 50, 15, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Zbaw me ode krwy (libera me de sanguinibus), bosze",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"responsibility for murder"
],
"id": "en-krew-zlw-opl-noun-JIbENs9l",
"links": [
[
"responsibility",
"responsibility"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) responsibility for murder"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
31
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 93, 21, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Iuczachø w duszø prawego a crew newinnø (sanguinem innocentem, Puł: krew prawego) potøpyachø",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"human; man; person"
],
"id": "en-krew-zlw-opl-noun-L7Ckjp3x",
"links": [
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) human; man; person"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "człowiek"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
18
]
],
"ref": "1902 [1406], “Wybór zapisek sądowych grodzkich i ziemskich wielkopolskich z XV wieku”, in Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Studia, rozprawy i materiały z dziedziny historii polskiej i prawa polskiego, volume 6, Poznań, Pyzdry, Kościan, Gniezno, page 306:",
"text": "Dzerszek yest krwø bliszszi ku Clonowczu... nisz Ramsz",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blood (family relationship due to birth)"
],
"id": "en-krew-zlw-opl-noun-Vj~OMtIx",
"links": [
[
"blood",
"blood"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) blood (family relationship due to birth)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
54,
58
]
],
"ref": "1959 [1390], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 272, Poznań:",
"text": "Jandrzey iest nasz brath, nasz kleynothnik y z nassey krwe wyssedl",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blood; lineage"
],
"id": "en-krew-zlw-opl-noun-p8tMXcxY",
"links": [
[
"blood",
"blood"
],
[
"lineage",
"lineage"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) blood; lineage"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ród"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
62,
66
]
],
"ref": "1959 [1393], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 178, Poznań:",
"text": "Jan gest nasz brat, naszego cleynota, naszego sczitha y nasza kref",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blood; relative"
],
"id": "en-krew-zlw-opl-noun-Ej86EdK~",
"links": [
[
"blood",
"blood"
],
[
"relative",
"relative"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) blood; relative"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
77,
81
]
],
"ref": "1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski^(scan transliteration, transcription), number Deut 21, Greater Poland:",
"text": "Postawyl gy nad wyssokø zyemyø, aby yadl... kozly z tlustoszczyø pszenycze a krew grona (sanguinem uvae biberet meracissimum Deut 32, 14) pyl[y] nayczyszczø",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blood (sap or juice which flows in or from plants)"
],
"id": "en-krew-zlw-opl-noun-JOOyH7Cv",
"links": [
[
"blood",
"blood"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) blood (sap or juice which flows in or from plants)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɛfʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/krɛfʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "krew"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Old Polish entries with etymon",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish feminine nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *krewh₂-",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"zlw-opl:Blood",
"zlw-opl:Bodily fluids"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "krewki"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "krwawy"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "przyrodzony krwią"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "mąż krwi"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "krew"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "krew"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "krev",
"word": "кревъ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*kry̑",
"id": "blood",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *krewh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *kréwh₂s\nProto-Balto-Slavic *krū́ˀs\nProto-Slavic *kry̑\nOld Polish krew\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*krū́ˀs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*kry̑\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"krew\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-id=\"blood\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"krew\" id=\"Old_Polish:_blood\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *kry̑.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *krewh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *kréwh₂s\nProto-Balto-Slavic *krū́ˀs\nProto-Slavic *kry̑\nOld Polish krew\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *kry̑. First attested in the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krewny",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "kry",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj": "krewny"
},
"expansion": "krew f (related adjective krewny)",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "krwawny"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "krewkość"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "krewność"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "krwawe"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "krwawione"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "krwawne"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "okrwawienie"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "ukrwawienie"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "zekrwawienie"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "krwawić"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "rozkrwawić"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "skrwawić"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "ukrwawić"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
30,
34
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 13, 6, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Richle nogi gich ku przeliczu krwe (ad effundendum sanguinem)",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
23
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 36r:",
"text": "Cruor blut poszoką krew'",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
26
]
],
"ref": "1424, Kanon mszy św., Canon missae., volume III, page 58:",
"text": "To gest zayste kelich krwe moyey (calix sanguinis mei)..., yaasz krew za waas y za wele luda bąndze roszlana",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"ref": "1424, Kanon mszy św., Canon missae., volume III, page 66:",
"text": "Przyyąncze czyala y krwe (perceptio corporis) ... ne bøndz my na sąnd any na potøpyene",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blood (vital liquid flowing in the bodies of many types of animals that usually conveys nutrients and oxygen)"
],
"links": [
[
"blood",
"blood"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) blood (vital liquid flowing in the bodies of many types of animals that usually conveys nutrients and oxygen)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "posoka"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
49,
54
]
],
"ref": "1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 9, 12, Greater Poland:",
"text": "Powyedaycze myedzy lyudem naukę yego, bo zyskuyę krwye (quoniam requirens sanguinem eorum recordatus est) gych wspomyenąl iest, nye zapomyenąl iest wolanya vbogych",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"death (cessation of life and all associated processes)"
],
"links": [
[
"death",
"death"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, attested in Greater Poland) death (cessation of life and all associated processes)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "śmierć"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
113,
118
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), 22, 2:",
"text": "A pakly wilomy zlodzyey doom, ... a nalyeszon bi byl, a wszøøw ranø vmarlby, ten ktory bi byl, nye bødzye wynyen krwye (percussor non erit reus sanguinis)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"murder"
],
"links": [
[
"murder",
"murder"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "morderstwo"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
16
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 50, 15, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Zbaw me ode krwy (libera me de sanguinibus), bosze",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"responsibility for murder"
],
"links": [
[
"responsibility",
"responsibility"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) responsibility for murder"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
31
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]^(scan transliteration, transcription), numbers 93, 21, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:",
"text": "Iuczachø w duszø prawego a crew newinnø (sanguinem innocentem, Puł: krew prawego) potøpyachø",
"translation": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"human; man; person"
],
"links": [
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) human; man; person"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "człowiek"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
18
]
],
"ref": "1902 [1406], “Wybór zapisek sądowych grodzkich i ziemskich wielkopolskich z XV wieku”, in Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Studia, rozprawy i materiały z dziedziny historii polskiej i prawa polskiego, volume 6, Poznań, Pyzdry, Kościan, Gniezno, page 306:",
"text": "Dzerszek yest krwø bliszszi ku Clonowczu... nisz Ramsz",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blood (family relationship due to birth)"
],
"links": [
[
"blood",
"blood"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) blood (family relationship due to birth)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
54,
58
]
],
"ref": "1959 [1390], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 272, Poznań:",
"text": "Jandrzey iest nasz brath, nasz kleynothnik y z nassey krwe wyssedl",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blood; lineage"
],
"links": [
[
"blood",
"blood"
],
[
"lineage",
"lineage"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) blood; lineage"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ród"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
62,
66
]
],
"ref": "1959 [1393], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 178, Poznań:",
"text": "Jan gest nasz brat, naszego cleynota, naszego sczitha y nasza kref",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blood; relative"
],
"links": [
[
"blood",
"blood"
],
[
"relative",
"relative"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) blood; relative"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
77,
81
]
],
"ref": "1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski^(scan transliteration, transcription), number Deut 21, Greater Poland:",
"text": "Postawyl gy nad wyssokø zyemyø, aby yadl... kozly z tlustoszczyø pszenycze a krew grona (sanguinem uvae biberet meracissimum Deut 32, 14) pyl[y] nayczyszczø",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blood (sap or juice which flows in or from plants)"
],
"links": [
[
"blood",
"blood"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) blood (sap or juice which flows in or from plants)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɛfʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/krɛfʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "krew"
}
Download raw JSONL data for krew meaning in Old Polish (12.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.